Приходько В. Ю.

Purpose. Characteristics of the packaging waste group and development of such waste classifica-tion systems on various grounds, as well as the definition of areas for effective management and treatment. Methods. System analysis, methods of analysis and synthesis, generalization and interpretation. Results. Studies of the municipal solid waste composition in the cities of Ukraine do not allow to fully quantify the packaging waste, but the approximate content of such waste is 10-20%. Packaging waste can be classified by composition, place of generation and treatment options. The classification of packag-ing waste on the basis of the waste hierarchy is the basis for the developed priority number of directions of such waste management. It is indicated that packaging waste is the secondary material resources of the first stage with the available processing technologies. Increasing the extraction rate of packaging waste from the total municipal solid waste flow is a necessary condition for the efficient use of their resource poten-tial and is possible only in case of waste flow differentiation at the beginning of its life cycle. Conclusions. The packaging waste group in the municipal solid waste is characterized by a signifi-cant content and variety of composition, which can be classified on various grounds, such as composition, place of generation and approach to management and treatment. In accordance with the developed priority number of waste management directions, it is necessary to create less packaging, and the existing one is effectively recycled and produced from biodegradable materials. In modern conditions, packaging waste is the most common secondary raw material, but due to the extremely low level of separate collection implementation, such waste loses its resource value and pollutes the environment. Therefore, proper organization of sepa-rate collection is the key to effective utilization of packaging waste.

Purpose. Review of the current situation in the municipal solid waste management area in Ukraine and outline the possible direction of an effective waste management system organization at the regional level. Methods. System analysis, mass balance method, generalization and interpretation. Results. Starting of the European integration process, Ukraine has initiated a number of reforms in the legislative and regulatory sphere of waste management. In particular, the National Strategy of waste management in Ukraine by 2030 was approved; the draft Law of Ukraine “On Waste Management” and others were developed. There are plants for recovering certain types of recyclable raw materials in Ukraine. The model of effective municipal solid waste management at the regional level should be based on baseline conditions: waste composition and available recovery capacity. It is shown that almost half of the municipal solid waste mass is food and garden waste. This means that an effective solid waste management system must be based on the separation and subsequent treatment of such waste, which will allow the achievement of the National Strategy targets. Conclusions. The municipal solid waste problem of is extremely urgent for Ukraine, because in the conditions of mass increasing and composition complication the main method of treatment remains disposal. Changes in legislation and the existing infrastructure for recycling the most common and resource-intensive categories of recyclables require the introduction of effective municipal solid waste management systems. We believe that to achieve a significant result, it is necessary to pay attention to easily-decomposed organic waste. Development a system for the proper collection and further use of such waste will help to achieve significant performance indi-cators of municipal solid waste potential using.

The problem of dealing with solid household waste (SHW) is the most urgent component of ensuring na-tional security for Ukraine, since the amount of accumulated waste is considered as one of the factors of a pro-gressive ecological and economic crisis. In the face of growing shortages of raw materials, the effective man-agement of solid waste becomes one of the most important areas of resource conservation. The problem of solid waste is relevant to the southern regions of Ukraine, because the volumes of waste accumulated in the region are considered as one of the factors of progressive ecological stress and reduction of recreational potential. Purpose. Justification of cluster structure in the sphere of municipal solid waste treatment for certain regions of Ukraine. Results. The cluster structure in the sphere of municipal solid waste treatment in Odessa and Kherson regions is developed. The cluster structure is represented by three levels: developers of technological and logistic chains; points and the city recycling center, waste sorting enterprises; organizations and institutions that provide business entities first and second levels. Conclusions. The clustering is way of a complex solution of the municipal solid waste treatment problem. The developed structure of the cluster in the sphere of municipal solid waste treatment for certain regions of Ukraine allows to define interrelation of the specified sphere with other branches of regional economy and to solve a problem of generation and accumulation of municipal solid waste with secondary material resources receiving.

Ensuring the sanitary and biological well-being of the country is one of the most important aspects of national security in terms of public health. Hygienic problems caused by pollution of the territory of settlements by waste from production and consumption remain among the priority ones. Purpose. The development of hazardous compound of municipal solid waste classification, which is the precondition of its treatment system in regions of Ukraine. Methods. Critical analysis of the existing provisions on the principles of hazardous compound of municipal solid waste classification and the approaches to treatment of their flows. Results. Classifications of individual components of the hazardous compound in municipal solid waste (medical waste and waste of electrical and electronic equipment) have been proposed. Ensuring ecological well-being in the regions of Ukraine largely depends on the efficiency of the functioning of the system of dealing with hazardous components of Solid Waste in general and with medical waste in particular. The first step in creating a system for handling medical waste is their classification. We have developed a classification of medical waste, in which all of them are divided into three main categories: waste of veterinary clinics (polyclinic); Wastes of humanitarian treatment and prophylaxis establishments, waste of the communal sectorctor For the first time in the classification of medical waste, waste from veterinary clinics was taken into account. Conclusions. The developed classifications of the components of the hazardous compound flow of municipal solid waste, as well as the principles of their use in the sphere of solid waste management, help to prevent the negative impact of these wastes on the environment and transfer a significant part of them to the state of secondary material resources.

Methodological principles of city’s complex environmental indexes determination of are presented from positions of intrasystem and external connections. Their determination is conducted on the basis of numerical score of environmental characteristics taking into account weight each of them in the composition a complex index. The values of complex indexes allow to estimate favorableness of conditions and level of human pressure.