Boyaryn M. V.

Purpose. Determination of ecological stability of landscapes of the basin of the Western Bug River and its tributaries in Volyn region. Methods. Comparative-geographical, analytical, generalization, systematization, calculation of ecological stability of the landscape on the basis of the method of E. Clementova, V. Heinig. Results. The calculation of the quantitative assessment of the ecological stability of the landscapes in the basins of the Western Bug tributaries revealed that the KESL1 index of the Pischadka, Neretva and the Zolotoha River ranges from 1.3 to 1.6. That making basin landscapes conditionally stable. River Studyanka and Luga range from 0,027 to 0,026, which testifies them to the unstable structure of the landscapes of the basin with pronounced instability. It is established that in the landscapes of the basin of the Western Bug River of Volyn Region, their ecologically balanced structure is predominant at the KESL1 1.04 index. This is due to the structure of the lands of the basin, where agricultural (arable land) cause a big loading and destabilized landscapes occupies in most of the area. The largest plots of arable land occupy the sub basins of the rivers Studyanka and Luga, and the smallest ones in the sub basins of the Neretva, Zolotukha and Gapa rivers, which is due to the significant forested areas of the basin. The qualitative assessment of ecological stability of the landscape is characterized by the coefficient of ecological stability of the biotechnical elements of the entire landscape of the K ESL2. Calculations of KESL2 showed that the landscape structure of the basin of the Western Bug River in the Volyn region is slightly stable and the index is 0.48. The KESL2 coefficients of the Studyanka and Lug lakes are 0.21 and 0.23 respectively, and characterize them as unstable geosystems. The structure of the landscapes of the basins of the Peschadka and Kopayevka rivers for KESL2 - (0,95 - 0,67) is stable. Consequently, intensive settlement of land, drainage of marshes, deforestation violated the integrity of landscapes led to their denaturalization. Particularly significant changes occurred in the southern part of the basin. Conclusions. As a result of the calculations of the quantitative assessment of the ecological stability of landscapes (KESL1), the landscapes of the basin of the Western Bug River in the Volyn region are conditionally stable. And according to the indicators of qualitative assessment of ecological stability of the landscape (KESL2), they are characterized as low-static geosystems. In general, determining the stability of the landscape is important for assessing the ecological situation of the basin of the Western Bug River, since it fully reflects the overall ecological status of the river basin.

Purpose. Ecological description of rare species of plants of Cheremskyi nature reserve included in international Red lists and their distribution on territory of the Volyn area as of 2016. Methods. Comparatively-geographical, analytical, generalization, ystematizations, and also cartographic with the use of the computer programs of MapInfo Professional 8,0. Results. On the basis of analysis of the natural preservation network of the Volyn area certainly, that 3 objects of natural reserve fund have a most area on Volyn: Shatsk National Nature Park, National Nature Park “Prypiat – Stokhid” and Kivertsi Nаtional Nature Reserve «Tsuman Virgin Forest» in addition after an area Cheremskyi nature reserve is distinguished natural reserve thati s only on Volyn. It is in these objects of nature reserve fund is most of the species included in International Red Lists. It grows 6 species listed in Annex 1 of the Berne Convention (Aldrovanda vesiculosa L.), (Cypripedium calceolus L.), (Liparis loeselii (L.) Rich.), (Pulsatilla Latifolia Rupr. Pulsatilla), (Thesium ebracteatum Hayne), (Dicranum viride (Sull., Lesq.) Linbd.). Also grows 4 species listed in the IUCN Red List, European Red List: Crataegus ucrainica Pojark), (Cypripedium calceolus L.), (Silene lithuanica Zapal), (Tragopogon ucrainicus Artemcz). Species of plants included in to Annex 1 of the Berne Convention and Red list of the International union of conservancy, widespread as early as 4 landscape wildlife preserves, 1 to the forest wildlife preserve, 3 botanical wildlife preserves, 1 zoological wildlife reserve, and 3 botanical monument of nature, a total in 15 objects of nature reserve fund located throughout the region. Conclusions. Thus, analyzing the state of distribution in the Volyn region of the flora Cheremskyi nature reserve listed in the International Red Lists found that species growing within 15 separate nature protection objects that are not part of other objects of nature reserve fund, but the status and protection of rare form not always corresponds main goal, as the vast majority of them located within the forests where the active economic activity, therefore proposed a number of optimization measures.