Kholoptsev O. V.

Paper deals with statistical relations between Caribbean sea surface temperature variations and solar ac-tivity. With the use of correlation analysis between time series of mean year temperatures changes, their anoma-lies index and Wolf numbers, hypothesis of the Caribbean Sea surface temperatures variations delay caused by solar activity changes was tested. It was found that the features of sub-Antarctic intermediate waters circulation of the Atlantic Ocean cause the presence of a significant statistical relations between Caribbean Sea average surface temperatures changes and solar activity variations, that are advancing them approximately on 200 years. Developed ultralong-range forecast of Caribbean Sea average surface temperatures changes show that until the middle of the XXI century downward trend will dominate, and further, to the end of it, – upward.

General regularities of location in the Atlantic ocean areas, where in the period 2000 - 2012, dominated steady tendencies of changes of mean monthly values of surface temperature, time of year does not depend. At the same time, their configurations and sizes in the change of seasons significantly changed. This indicates the importance of influence on the process, not only the factor of water of the Atlantic, the Arctic and the Antarctic, but also a factor of changes in the intensity of what is happening in its areas of upwelling. The location of the waters of the Atlantic ocean, where in this period there was a significant cooling, coin-cides with the position of his areas in which the interannual changes of surface temperatures significantly affect the state of the Arctic and North Atlantic oscillations. Above them are the main tropospheric jet stream. This suggests the possibility of a significant impact of the process-not only the greenhouse effect in the earth's atmos-phere, but also on the weather conditions change in many extratropical Northern hemisphere regions, as well as variations of the CCA over many of its regions, which took place in the same period.