антропогенное загрязнение

Purpose. The article provides an analysis of the degree of implementation of the tasks and activities of the Strategy of the State Environmental Policy of Ukraine for the period until 2020 in relation to Goal 2 to improve the environmental situation and increase the level of environmental safety in the field of water resources protection through the reconstruction of existing and construction of new urban treatment facilities in order to reduce to 2020 years of the level of anthropogenic pollution. Methods. The system analysis was carried out on the basis of information, statistical and calculated data on the national reports of the Ministry of Regional Development. Results It has been established that the planned environmental protection measures in the field of wa-ter resources protection, especially in the area of water disposal, are often not implemented due to the lack of funding at the level of the state budget and national target programs. However, in recent years, a posi-tive trend has been noted to improve the situation in the field of repair, reconstruction, modernization and construction of systems of communal treatment facilities. It has been determined that the dynamics of changes in the volume (in percentage) of insufficiently treated wastewater discharged into water bodies tends to decrease. Conclusions. On the basis of data processing, the fulfillment of Goal 2 was confirmed in full, namely, the reconstruction of existing and construction of new urban wastewater treatment plants was carried out in order to reduce the level of water pollution by pollutants (primarily organic substances, nitrogen and phosphorus compounds) by 15 percent by 2020, and also reduced by 2020 by 20 percent (to the base year) the discharge of insufficiently treated wastewater.

Such natural sciences as biology, biogeochemistry, ecology and geobotany study and use bioindication. It is a modern new and helpful scientific direction. The methodology of fluctuating asymmetry worked out in the framework of phytoindication is a convenient, cheap and the closest to natural objects tool for studying of macroscopic changes in the development of bioobjects owing to the negative natural and anthropogenic stress effects. Purpose. Evaluation of the quality of the environment on the violation of the bilateral symmetry of the maple leaf and the appearance of a fluctuating asymmetry of the sides of the leaf’s sheet relative to the central vein under the influence of the anthropogenic load. Analysis of well-known evaluation systems for assessing the quality of the environment. Methods. Phytoindication as one of the bioindication methods with using plants (maple leaves). The fluctuating asymmetry method: measuring 4 parameters on the left and right sides of a leaf and defining of the form of a leaf top. Mathematical processing of the results of all measurements (1376 measures) based on the Microsoft Excel program. Results. A statistical evaluation of the leaf measures was made for 7 indices of the central tendency and variability. The fluctuation asymmetry index for the biomaterial of all the investigated sites of six districts in Odessa in the summer period of 2016 was calculated and tested for normal distribution. The quality of the environment is determined using two point systems in the different areas of the resort city and the suburb. Conclusions. Statistical processing of all platelet measurements showed the suitability of using the measured features and the maple leaf itself for the purpose of phytoindication. A greater validity of the G.M. Melkumov’s point system was shown when determining the quality of the environment by the integral fluctuation asymmetry index of the maple leaf. In fact, the industrial zones of the city, its park and central parts have a high degree of pollution, although not reaching a critical level.

The problem of waste vehicles, proposed an integrated approach: collection; transportation; utilization and (or) the recycling of used automotive filters.