городская среда

Purpose. Justification of the introduction of sustainable plant components into the green infrastructure of the urban environment in the context of nature-oriented solutions (on the example of Slobodsky district Kharkiv city). Methods. For the development of inventory maps of open urban landscapes of the Slobodsky district Kharkiv city, occupied by lawns and grass stands of the lawn type, the ArcGIS software product was used and methods of traditional economic calculations. Results. The paper presents a scientific rationale for the introduction of an alternative type of lawn - juni-per into the green infrastructure of the city. Its creation is proposed with the help of horizontal juniper cultivars (Juniperus horizontalis), in particular the 'Prince of Wales' cultivar. This plastic plant, resistant to drought, high and low temperatures, has a high aesthetic expressiveness, and forms new standards for urban landscape design. On the basis of the inventory of lawns and grass stands of the lawn type in the Slobodsky district of Kharkiv, the area of lawns that are in an unsatisfactory condition (36478 m2) was determined, and which are proposed to be reconstructed using the above cultivar. Reconstruction of 36478 m2 of grass stand area by creating juniper lawns and their maintenance will cost UAH 802,516 annually for the local budget, while the use of a traditional roll lawn will cost UAH 8,244,028 annually, that is, approximately UAH 7,500,000 more. Over a full cycle, that is, over 30 years, the savings will amount to UAH 225 million. The use of planting material grown at the city's public utilities, which are engaged in landscaping, will further significantly reduce the cost of creating juniper lawns. Conclusions. Green infrastructure has an effective set of tools for the implementation of effective nature- based solutions for environmental management. The incorporation of the 'Prince of Wales' horizontal juniper cultivar into green infrastructure will help ensure urban sustainability and renew standards for sustainable urban landscape design. The increase in the area of urban open landscapes under the juniper lawn allows not only to effectively enhance the ecological and aesthetic functions of the green infrastructure of the city, but also to significantly save local budget funds.

Purpose. Review of world and domestic experience of ecological reconstruction of cultural land-scapes. Methods. System analysis, a method of objective assessment using photofixation. Results. The examples of successful ecological reconstruction of cultural landscapes, realized thanks to the preservation of the historical context, the concept of respect for the “genius loci” as a meta-phorical subject, which retains the unique characteristics of cultural landscapes and at the same time in-spires the creation of landscapes of high aesthetic expressiveness and modern functionality, are consid-ered. Conclusions. The above examples demonstrate the unlimited potential of landscape design in over-coming human alienation from nature, in filling the urban environment with a full life, in the successful branding of cities, and, as a result, in attracting tourists and investments. Such successful modern projects of revitalization and ecological reconstruction are possible when respect for the historical heritage, the historical cultural landscape is realized, when the “genius loci” is reborn and manifests itself as a meta-phorical subject, on the one hand, preserving the unique characteristics of the transformed cultural land-scapes, and on the other, the inspirer of giving landscapes a high aesthetic expressiveness, concentration of beauty, modern functionality.

Purpose. Scientific and practical justification for the introduction of plantings of ornamental perennial cereals and roses of a landscape group in the urban system of the Shevchenkovsky district, Kharkov. Methods For inventory of lawn stands, ArcGIS software was used. The basis for creating an inventory map of lawn stands was two basic maps - “Basemap Imagery” and “OpenStreetMap. The calculation of the total area of the research objects was carried out by using the Attribute Table. Assessment of the design coverage and constitutional structure of the species composition of lawn stands was carried out by A. A. Laptev and E. V. Avdeev. Observation of the ecological state of urban rose gardens was carried out by route examination, the presence of pathologies was determined visually. To determine the optimization measures, the SWOT analysis method was used. Results. An inventory map of urban lawn stands was developed. According to the results of a visual assessment, the T. G. Shevchenko city garden is the standard of landscaping in many territories and has a high level of quality of lawn stands. "23 August" Square sections of lawn populations near the Botanical garden station metro, square on the Klochkovskaya street includes areas of lawn stands with an excellent, good, satisfactory and unsatisfactory level of quality. The surface of Sargin Yar is well planned, the sites have an excellent, good and satisfactory level of quality. Based on the results of lawn stands comprehensive assessment, maps of the quality levels of urban lawn stands for the main recreational zones of the Shevchenkovsky district have been developed. The use of decorative cereals in particular, the impregnation of cylindrical, Chinese Miscanthus, feather grass feather, cane falaris, lightning blue is proposed. Using the SWOT analysis method, the strengths and weaknesses of the lawn stands of the Shevchenkovsky district, the possibilities and risks of their creation are determined. According to the results of an integrated ecological assessment of the varieties of landscape roses "Cordula" and "Tornado", the feasibility of their use in urban gardening is shown. Keeping these varieties in container culture can positively affect the artistic expressiveness of the urban sulfur, will provide a "high concentration of beauty" and solve the problems of wintering. Conclusions. Taking into account the principle of relevance in order to minimize the cost of further supporting the urban landscape, it is possible to develop cost-effective projects for landscaping areas with an unsatisfactory level of quality of lawn cover using decorative cereals. The proposed types of cereal plants are resistant to environmental factors, unpretentious, require minimal maintenance, have a high aesthetic appeal and decorativeness, low cost of creation.

The work contains analysis of phytoindication possibilities of Dandelion medicinal, namely, physiological data as ascorbic acid and chlorophyll concentration. The conclusions were made about informative meaning of the data and possibilities of use in phytomonitoring of urban ecosystem environment.