Our synthesis of the published scientific literature shows complexity and diversity of environmental effects of urbanization on the natural components and ecological systems: excessive loads on the lithosphere of the city and its surface manifest; The consequences of water use in the city; consequences of atmospheric pool pollution by city transport and plants there are acid precipitation; «heat islands»; dust content of the atmosphere and climate change; impact associated with the load on the landscape; alienation of land for waste dumps; the effects of electromagnetic radiation, noise, vibration, light and information pollution of the environment.