стічні води

Purpose. The article provides an analysis of the degree of implementation of the tasks and activities of the Strategy of the State Environmental Policy of Ukraine for the period until 2020 in relation to Goal 2 to improve the environmental situation and increase the level of environmental safety in the field of water resources protection through the reconstruction of existing and construction of new urban treatment facilities in order to reduce to 2020 years of the level of anthropogenic pollution. Methods. The system analysis was carried out on the basis of information, statistical and calculated data on the national reports of the Ministry of Regional Development. Results It has been established that the planned environmental protection measures in the field of wa-ter resources protection, especially in the area of water disposal, are often not implemented due to the lack of funding at the level of the state budget and national target programs. However, in recent years, a posi-tive trend has been noted to improve the situation in the field of repair, reconstruction, modernization and construction of systems of communal treatment facilities. It has been determined that the dynamics of changes in the volume (in percentage) of insufficiently treated wastewater discharged into water bodies tends to decrease. Conclusions. On the basis of data processing, the fulfillment of Goal 2 was confirmed in full, namely, the reconstruction of existing and construction of new urban wastewater treatment plants was carried out in order to reduce the level of water pollution by pollutants (primarily organic substances, nitrogen and phosphorus compounds) by 15 percent by 2020, and also reduced by 2020 by 20 percent (to the base year) the discharge of insufficiently treated wastewater.

Purpose. Determination of lethal levels of acute and chronic toxicity of water. Methods. Biotesting. Results. The paper presents the results of experimental studies within the implementation of which was developed algorithms and how to quantify the levels of lethal acute and chronic toxicity of water using bioassay techniques for tseriodafniyah. The classification scale based on a synthesis of a large array of many years of experimental data to determine the toxicity of more than 3600 samples of wastewater enterprises of various sectors of the economy and the quality of some 2,000 water samples in surface water basins Seversky Donets, Dnieper, Dniester, Danube, Southern Bug and Western Bug. Conclusions. For these bioassay methods, the following metrological characteristics: error bioassay results; reproducibility bioassay; standard operational control reproducibility bioassay results; range response test object.

The article presents the results of a comprehensive assessment of the ecological state of water objects Basin Donets using indicators that characterize the level of anthropogenic pollution of abiotic and biotic components of aquatic ecosystems. It is shown that water quality in the 25 cross-sections of rivers Seversky Donets, Uda, Lopan, Kharkiv, Oskol, Nemyshlya, Suhoy Torets and Pechenga and Krasnooskolskogo reservoirs in 2011 - 2012 did not meet the standards of fishery MPC (the state of the abiotic component), and in 52% of cases (2011) and 64% (2012) did not meet the quality standards for ecotoxicological indicator (status of biotic components of aquatic ecosystems). The poor ecological state of water objects Basin Donets is the result of discharge to surface water bodies basin wastewater contaminated with environmentally hazardous chemicals.

The contribution of separate divisions of a national economy of Vinnitsa region to pollution of a surface water, because forming of quality of natural waters can be estimated on volume upcasts wastewater in water objects. It was systematized and processed information on the main indicators of a fence, use and up cast of waters (including the pollutants in the wastewater), on industries of industry, separately on basins of the rivers (Southern Bug, Dniester, Dnepr, – within the limits of area) and as a whole in the region.

The article presents the dependence between results of composition waste and surface water according to physical, chemical and toxicological characteristics. It was found the lack of statistically significant linear de-pendence between the results of bioassay and measurement of physical and chemical composition of the wastewater chemical and petrochemical plants and water bodies of water, which were taken above and below wastewater discharges. For mine water from the drive it was installed a weak correlation between bioassay results and their physi-cal and chemical composition, but the corresponding regression equation proved statistically insignificant, for water of water bodies, which are discharged mine water, it was set the average measurement between the above indicators.

For research of intercommunication between the levels of toxicness and muddiness of water were drawn on the results of measuring of component composition and determination of toxicness of sewages of enterprises of the different industries of economy, located on territory of a few areas of Ukraine. It is shown that in each of cases the set of meaningful physical and chemical indexes which correlate with data of biotesting is different and depends on component composition of sewages. The brought results over are base on the use of far of experimental data and have an important practical value for the exposure of reasons of origin of toxic properties of sewages with the purpose of realization of corresponding nature protection measures on their removal.