экологическая оценка

The deterioration of the ecological status of small river basins, and in this regard, and the quality of water in the rivers of the Pripyat basin is due to large-scale hydrotechnical reclamation, deforestation and increase of areas of cultivated land, recreation, soil erosion, radionuclide contamination of the territories as a result of the Chornobyl catastrophe, industrial development , Pollution by municipal wastewater and more.Purpose.. Study of the ecological state of the Tsyr river, analysis of hydro-chemical, tropho-saprobiological descriptions and content of specific substances of toxic action, determination of class and category of water quality. Methods. Field researches, Analytical methods. Results. The modern approaches for the groups of factors of river pools anthropogenic transformation are considered. The tests of the Tsyr river water are selected and analysed of three blocks of substances: salt composition, tropho-saprobiological block and block of specific substances of toxic action. A class and category of water quality are certained for every block. It is set that on the indexes of hydro-chemical block quality of water in the Tsyr river belongs to the I class and to the I category – excellent water. In the second block of substances the best value has a pH-value in obedience to that water of the river belong to the I class and to I category – excellent water. The worst value has an index of content of phosphates, where the water quality of the river belongs to V of class – very bad and VII category – very dirty. In the third block there are the best indexes quality of water, which belongs to the I class and the 1 category and it is estimated as excellent. The worst indexes belongs to the IV of class – bad and VI category – dirty. Conclusions. The nutrients content and the potassium content determines the state of the small river Cir as very bad, dirty. It is recommended to monitor the dynamics of water quality changes in the river Tsir.

Purpose.The testing the method of environmental assessment of surface water quality in terms of the use of biological indicators. Methods. Biological and hydrobiological. Results. To evaluate used quantitative and structural indicators of zoobenthos (TBI, BBІ), zooplankton (saprobity index) and phytoplankton (saprobity index, biomass and chlorophyll «a»). The results of the environmental assessment of the quality of waters of the river Seversky Donets River and its major tributaries within the Kharkiv region on biological indicators of surface water quality, which are used in the method of environmental assessment of surface water quality (edition of 2012). The values of the generalized biological index (ІБ) of the average values of indicators show that the water researched areas of the rivers belong to the II and III water quality classes and graded as "good" and "moderate" as "clean" and "contaminated" by the degree of purity (contamination). Areas with the worst values of biological indicators summarizing experiencing the greatest anthropogenic load. BBІ more sensitive reacted to anthropogenic pressure and had a larger range of changes than TBI. Conclusions. In assessing the ecological status of water bodies is absolutely necessary to consider the role of the biological component to display the actual state of aquatic ecosystems. In assessing the ecological status of water bodies is absolutely necessary to consider the role of the biological component to display the actual state of aquatic ecosystems, which reflects the degree of wellbeing ecosystem of the water body as a whole.

With the use of monitoring information were calculated index modular and integrated environmental assessment of surface water quality of the river Western Bug and its tributaries for the years 2013-2014, defined class and category of water quality in the basin of the Western Bug. Surface waters of the Western Bug and its tributaries correspond II - III class quality. Excess of pollutants recorded for ecological-sanitary indicators (NH4+, NO2-) and specific substances toxic effects (Fe).

Із використанням моніторингової інформації за 2014 рік здійснено інтегральну оцінку сучасного стану й просторових змін якості вод річки Сіверський Донець. Показано, що найкраща якість води, як за With the use of monitoring data for 2014 was carried out an integrated assessment of the current state and spatial changes in water quality of the river Siversky Donets. It is shown that the best water quality, according to the water management assessment (Index = 1.35) and the environmental (Ie = 2.99) was observed in Pecheniz'ke reservoir. The overall tendency of worsening water quality downstream of the Siversky Donets is noted. The worst water quality according to assessment for water management and the most significant decline in the quality of water (Index = 2.97, +1.62 from the previous paragraph, Ie = 3.92, +0.93) was recorded below the confluence riv. Udy. The worst water quality for environmental assessment (Ie = 4.32) in Index = 2.89 is noted below Izium.