эрозия почв

Purpose: analysis of the features of visual decoding of eroded soils and erosion processes according to remote sensing data. Methods. Remote sensing, field, comparative geographical, historical, cartographic, GIS analysis. Results. The main attention in the article is paid to the features of visual decoding of linear forms of ero-sion. Comparative analysis of aerial photographs of 1943 and modern satellite imagery for the Kharkov region shown that in the second half of the 20th century the growth of gullies was almost stopped due to large-scale anti-erosion measures carried out at that time. Currently the main erosion losses occur in sheet erosion and small gully erosion. The article provides a list of decoding features that determine linear forms of erosion in the imag-es. It is shown problems that can arise during automatic decoding. As an example of artifact formations requiring the participation of a human analyst in the decryption process, the so-called "Turkish Wall" is shown, the traces of which can be erroneously diagnosed as a manifestation of linear erosion Conclusions. Automatic decoding of water erosion processes and an inventory of erosion landforms re-quires the obligatory monitoring of a qualified analyst to eliminate object identification errors.

The scientific justification for universal automated geographic information systems software of soil water erosion models is given, there are examples of its use to assess the risk of erosion of land and the design of optimal anti erosion measures. The basis of the information network laid vector principle, to automatical determine the line flow, catchment basins, slope and exposure to arbitrary points of the territory of the study and take into account the discrete-continuous nature of erosion processes.