air pollution

Purpose. To assess the impact on the atmospheric air quality and to calculate environmental risks due to burning of illegal landfills. Methods. Field and laboratory methods and analytical data processing. Results. The research has shown that the main pollutants in the combustion of solid waste are nitrogen dioxin, carbon monoxide, sulfur dioxide, soot, and undifferentiated dust. At the point of emission of pollutants into the atmosphere, the maximum concentration limits of these substances significantly exceed the max allowable ones. In particular, the MAC of NO2 was exceeded in 45 times, CO – in 22 times, soot - in 210 times, SO2 – in 40.8 times, the MAC of undifferentiated dust was exceeded in 120 times. The results of pollutant emissions obtained empirically were significantly differ from those calculated by using the existing methodology. For undifferentiated dust, the results of field measurements exceed the calculated in 73.2 times, for sulfur dioxide – in 10.4 times, for nitrogen dioxide – in 3.5 times, for carbon monoxide - in 6.7 times, for soot - in in 76.8 times. The calculation of pollutant scattering using the EOL + program showed that the combustion of solid waste in a landfill on the border of residential area will exceed the maximum concentration limits for three substances. The calculation of risks for the population was performed. Conclusions. Risk calculations for the population has showed that the impact of carcinogenic and non-carcinogenic substances is minimal, i.e. acceptable. The overall risk over a lifetime is also minimal (acceptable). Unauthorized landfill, of course, must be removed with the subsequent restoration of damaged components of the environment.

The current system of air monitoring in Kharkiv was analyzed. It was determined, that the technical equipment of the monitoring network is not ideal. A new modern monitoring system for continuous research and providing access to timely information about the status of air environment of the city is need. This will improve the efficiency of decision making in the field of air protection.

Purpose of the study is to determine spatial and temporal variability of PM2.5 air pollution level within urban geosystems with a high anthropogenic pressure (on the example of Kharkiv city). Methods. Open online monitoring platform «Air Pollution», PM2.5 level was measured with «7bit Pollution Monitor», statistical. Results. Monitoring of PM2.5 air pollution of Kharkiv was conducted from August 1, 2019 to April 1, 2020 at 6 control points in different districts of the city. Air Pollution open online monitoring platform served as a data source of 28,119 mass concentrations of PM2.5 in the air. Threshold concentrations, recommended by the WHO, were used to determine compliance with hygienic standards for fine dust of less than 2.5 μm. The PM2.5 air pollution level and its degree of threat to public health were assessed in accordance with the International Air Quality Index (AQI) scale. Fine particles pose the greatest health risk. Exceeding the PM2.5 threshold level set by the WHO was detected for 17.4% of studied cases (4,905 out of 28,119 studied cases). In general, according to the AQI scale, in the vast majority of cases, the content of PM2.5 in the air varies from low to moderate. The highest level of PM2.5 in the air was measured at point No. 1 at the address Aptekarskyi Lane 9, which may be due to its location in areas with high traffic. The daily, weekly and seasonal variability of PM2.5 content was de-termined. Seasonal and daily variations in the content PM2.5 of in the air of Kharkiv depend on changes in weather conditions (precipitation, wind speed, etc.), the level of traffic congestion and the operation mode of potential stationary pollution sources. Conclusions. The obtained results provide a basis for further study of the correlation of PM2.5 content in the air with the influence of various natural and socio-economic factors of the territory, as well as with the mortality rates.

There are discusses the results of a study of dumps and tailings defflation in the area of Lebedinsky and Stoilensky mining and processing plants. Created electronic maps of pollution. Found that in zone three hundred meters from the tailings dust concentration in the air in summer reaches 1.93 mg/m3. During the winter in these areas on the surface of the snow falls to 1.9 g/m2 of dust per day

Analysis of air in small cities of Kharkiv region was done. It was determined the main pollutants, composition and dynamics of pollution emissions. It was found that air quality small cities Kharkiv region unsatisfactory. It must be taken appropriate management decisions in the field of air protection.

The state of the air basin, city of Kharkov on the busiest highways of the city. Through calculating the level of concentration of pollutants identified areas where the gas concentration levels higher than the maximum permissible limits. The analysis of the reasons for the excess and a list of possible engineering measures to elimi-nate the excess of the vehicles.

Based on the graphical analysis of the dynamics of pollutant emissions in the whole region, as well as, separate-ly, from stationary, mobile (vehicles) sources and from other mobile sources of pollution, found that the largest share of emissions into the atmosphere give stationary sources - namely, the production and electricity, gas and water. Analyze changes in emissions of each pollutant in the total emissions annually. It is found that the stationary sources emit more carbon dioxide emissions in mobile vehicles predominant sources of carbon oxide and by air, rail and other transport ejected more nitrogen oxide and carbon monoxide.