water supply

Analysis of the Degree Of Implementation of Environmental Measures in the Sphere of Water Protection Against Anthropogenic Pollution According To The Strategy Of The State Environmental Policy of Ukraine for the Period up to 2020

Purpose. The article provides an analysis of the degree of implementation of the tasks and activities of the Strategy of the State Environmental Policy of Ukraine for the period until 2020 in relation to Goal 2 to improve the environmental situation and increase the level of environmental safety in the field of water resources protection through the reconstruction of existing and construction of new urban treatment facilities in order to reduce to 2020 years of the level of anthropogenic pollution. Methods. The system analysis was carried out on the basis of information, statistical and calculated data on the national reports of the Ministry of Regional Development. Results It has been established that the planned environmental protection measures in the field of wa-ter resources protection, especially in the area of water disposal, are often not implemented due to the lack of funding at the level of the state budget and national target programs. However, in recent years, a posi-tive trend has been noted to improve the situation in the field of repair, reconstruction, modernization and construction of systems of communal treatment facilities. It has been determined that the dynamics of changes in the volume (in percentage) of insufficiently treated wastewater discharged into water bodies tends to decrease. Conclusions. On the basis of data processing, the fulfillment of Goal 2 was confirmed in full, namely, the reconstruction of existing and construction of new urban wastewater treatment plants was carried out in order to reduce the level of water pollution by pollutants (primarily organic substances, nitrogen and phosphorus compounds) by 15 percent by 2020, and also reduced by 2020 by 20 percent (to the base year) the discharge of insufficiently treated wastewater.

Ecological Quality of Natural Waters from of Kharkiv Urban Springs

Purpose. Estimation of ecological safety of spring waters of the city of Kharkiv. Methods. Field research, atomic absorption spectrophotometry, analytical methods for studying water quality indicators. Results. Natural water samples were analyzed on the following parameters: pH, electrical potential, nitrate content, chlorides, ammonia, transparency, turbidity, and water hardness. The highest values of the content of nitrates, nitrites, as well as the level of alkalinity and rigidity were found in a sample from the Kholodnogorsk spring. In the water from the Zhukovsky spring the high content of chlorides is found, which is one and a half times higher than the concentration in water from other city springs. In the water from the Glyboky Yar spring the lowest mineralization of water was detected, and in the water from the Sarzhin Yar spring - the highest of the studied samples of water from the natural springs of Kharkiv. However, all identified pollutant concentrations except for the rigidity index is not dangerous for a person, because they are not exceeded by the MAC. The results of research on water samples from the Sarzhin Yar spring and from the spring in Yunost park (Kholodnogorsk source) in 2019, compared to the results of a similar study conducted in 2015. It was determined that in the water from the Sarzhin Yar spring the rigidity index increased 3.4 times, and in the sample from the spring in Yunost park (Kholodnogorsk spring) almost 6 times. Conclusions. It is determined that in the territory of the city of Kharkiv, water from the Zhukovskii spring in the Kyivskiy district is fully suitable for consumption, because its chemical composition is fully in line with the sanitary norms that apply to drinking spring waters. The value of the level of hardness of water in all samples, except Zhukovsky spring, indicate that the normative value exceeds 2-3 times. The rigidity of drinking water that exceeds the MAC may adversely affect human health. Therefore, the only ecologically safe, among the investigated, can be considered water from the Zhukovsky spring (Kievskiy district in Kharkiv). For other sources, it is recommended to modernize the water collection sites for the population, reconstruct the system of water supply for the supply of water from these sources, as well as to introduce additional stages of their treatment on the way to the consumer.
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