оценка

Purpose. Describe the categories of environmental risk, the degree of their impact on the environment. Results. The place of ecological risk in the system of environmental impact assessment is substantiated. Modern methodology for environmental risk assessment involves a parallel consideration of risks to human health and environmental risks caused by disturbance of ecosystems and adverse effects on environmental components, risks of deteriorating quality and deteriorating living conditions. The reasons for the risk are unplanned events in the environment that may adversely affect the company, the progress of its plans. These include both predictable and unpredictable events. Risk factors are the conditions under which risk causes may arise. Among them are: political, scientific and technical, socio-economic, environmental and more. Conclusions. In the strategic perspective, it is necessary to improve the national environmental policy and create a national system of environmental safety and an effective system of environmental monitoring as a universal tool for its implementation. One of the tasks of this system is effective environmental risk management.

The survey of 171 students from different cities of Ukraine shows that the environmental problems are perceived as most important. People evaluate most of these problems as being more important for Ukraine than for their home re-gion. The correlation between the perceived level of importance of a problem and the mode of its perception was found: the problems which could be perceived visually are evaluated as more serious.

Methodological principles of city’s complex environmental indexes determination of are presented from positions of intrasystem and external connections. Their determination is conducted on the basis of numerical score of environmental characteristics taking into account weight each of them in the composition a complex index. The values of complex indexes allow to estimate favorableness of conditions and level of human pressure.