landscape-ecological planning

Relevance. The development of measures to prevent possible negative environmental, economic and social problems in forest ecosystems should be based on objective information, which may be provided by the process of landscape-environmental planning. Purpose. Analysis of the conflicts of nature use from anthropogenic activity in forest ecosystems to develop measures optimization of environmental management in the process of landscape-ecological planning. Methods. The assessment of conflicts of nature use in forest ecosystems was carried at the test site of the tract "Zarudska Dacha" of Lyubovytsi forestry of the Malinsky district of Zhytomyr region according to the author's method of landscape-ecological planning. Results. Based on the results of the inventory and evaluation phase of landscape-ecological planning, we have obtained information about the landscape differentiation of the test area, internal and external sources of envi-ronmental conflicts, their boundaries, and intensity. The study of the structure of forestry has shown that the sources of conflict are predominantly forest areas and settlements landscapes. The assessment of intensity of the conflicts has shown that medium-intensity conflicts prevail in the territory. Based on the information of matrices of the conflict measures to optimize the use of nature in forest ecosystems have been developed. Conclusions. For optimization of nature use in forest ecosystems, it is recommended: restoration of plantations, control of rational use of forest resources, reduction of the volumes of use of the chemical means on the adjacent fields, organized garbage collection, controlled recreation, etc.

Purpose. Development of methodical approaches to the development of water protection zones in cities based on the principles of landscape-ecological planning. Methods. GIS modeling using remote sensing data. ArcGIS 10.0 operational features (in particular, vectorization, buffering, algebra mapping tools) were used as a software for spatial analysis of data. Results. The analysis of modern Ukrainian water protection legislation has allowed to identify a number of problems in the design and development of water protection areas in the rivers within a city. For their solution, initial provisions of the organization of water protection zones in cities, derived from the principles of landscape-ecological planning, have been formulated: 1) unified rules and unequivocal demands for project development; 2) an integrated approach for solutions development; 3) subordination of goals of city-planning to the goals of environmental protection; 4) strategic goals and progressive implementation of the water protection policy. The basic algorithm of landscape-ecological planning of "urban" water protection zones has been substantiated. It consists of the following 4 stages: inventory, estimation, analysis and generalization, development of the concept for development of the water protective zone. A "hybrid" approach to the design of water protection zones is proposed, which allows to adjust the normatively defined territorial configuration in accordance with the value of the water protection potential of the landscape. Approbation of the methodology is carried out for the Udy River within the Kharkiv city borders, as a result of which a set of cartographic models was created, including the design of the boundaries of the territory of the water protection zone and the zoning of its territory in accordance with the integral goals. For a specific territory of the water protection zone, a list of recommended envi ronmental measures has been developed. Conclusions. Application of the landscape and ecological planning principles during development of water protection zones within cities implies the need for changes in existing approaches to their development. As a result of the approbation of the proposed methodology we have developed the GIS project which can be used as the basic model of the territorial configuration of the water protection zone of the Udy River within Kharkiv in the course of its development.

The Green Infrastructure Strategy is used in different directions related to the design, protection and pro-tection of the environment. Purpose. Analyze international experience in using the concept of green infrastruc-ture, identify the main theoretical and practical approaches to assessing green infrastructure, analyze how to integrate green infrastructure strategies into territorial planning and integrate natural resources management in Europe and the world into policies. Methods. Literary search, analysis, synthesis, synthesis. Results. An analysis of scientific sources on the issue of studying the concept of green infrastructure; a review of the literature in related studies that directly or indirectly relate to the green infrastructure. It has been established that there are certain regional differences in the use of the concept of green infrastructure in Europe, America, and Asia. Direc-tions of practical research in this area depend on the goals, functions and existing elements of the green infra-structure. As a result, its methodology can be modified. The possibilities and limitations of its use in Ukraine are revealed. The green infrastructure strategy has the greatest application in Europe and the USA to provide the ecological basis for the economic development of the territory. Now it is characterized as a development inward to greater detail, and in a spatial sense - covering all large areas. Conclusions. Given the lack of implementation mechanisms in Ukraine for the concept of green infrastructure, it is advisable to integrate it into landscape-ecological planning and recommend using it at the local level with subsequent spreading over large areas.

There are the conditions of formation of ecological frame of the Kharkiv region, taking into account trends in landscape and environmental planning. Determined capabilities, giving the landscape approach and ways to optimize the ecological network area based on the concept of landscape and environmental planning Kharkiv region.